Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)

Aortic Stenosis (narrowing of the aortic valve) is one of the most common Heart Valve conditions. It affects the valve sitting between the heart’s lower left chamber (left ventricle) and the blood-delivering artery (aorta). The aortic valve narrows and does not fully open to let blood through. The narrowing can worsen over time. It may take 10 to 20 years for mild stenosis to become more severe. When it is severe there is a restriction of the blood flow your body needs, causing added pressure that strains and weakens your heart. Even if you do not have symptoms, you may be recommended treatment based on test results.

Pulmonic valve regurgitation (Leaking of the pulmonic heart valve) occurs when the pulmonic valve in your heart does not completely close between heartbeats. This allows blood to flow backward through the valve. While a mild leak often causes no issues, moderate or severe pulmonic regurgitation can damage the right ventricle and lead to right-sided heart failure.

Coronary Artery Disease is a common serious condition in which plaque sticks to and builds up on the walls of the arteries that supply blood to the heart, either blocking it or narrowing it. It can lead to chest pain (angina) or heart attack. Plaque buildup in arteries is called atherosclerosis. Plaque consists of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and fibrous tissues found in the blood.  When it clumps together, the plaque will harden and restrict blood flow.

PAD is a kind of Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD), but it affects arteries in the legs, feet, arms, or other parts of the body. Similarly, plaque sticks to the walls of an artery ( a condition called atherosclerosis) and either blocks or narrows the arteries. When atherosclerosis or PAD is discovered in an arm or leg, a peripheral arterial intervention may be performed via a combination of atherectomy, angioplasty or stenting.

An Aortic Aneurysm is a bulge in the aorta, the body’s largest artery, which can be life-threatening if it ruptures.

Carotid Artery Disease is a condition in which plaque buildup in the arteries that supply blood to the brain, increasing the risk of stroke.

Varicose veins are more than just a cosmetic issue. They reflect underlying venous insufficiency, which has implications for circulation and can potentially increase the risk of other vascular problems.

Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs, leading to fatigue, shortness of breath, swelling, and possibly chest pain.

Cardiomyopathy is a group of heart diseases affecting the heart muscles, which make it difficult for the heart to pump blood effectively. Some types of cardiomyopathy are: Dilated (DCM), Hypertrophic (HCM), and Restrictive (RCM).

Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle, which can be caused by a viral or bacterial infection, medication, or autoimmune disorder.

An irregular heartbeat where the upper heart chambers beat very quickly in a more regular pattern than in atrial fibrillation.

A common arrhythmia in which the upper chambers of the heart beat irregularly.

A life-threatening arrhythmia where the lower chambers of the heart quiver instead of pumping blood.

A fast, regular heartbeat that originates in the lower chambers of the heart.

A heart rate below 60 beats per minute. While it can be normal in athletes, it may need medical evaluation if it seems to cause dizziness, syncope, or fatigue. Diagnosis involves electrocardiography, and in some cases treatment may include pacemaker implantation.